Friday, January 23, 2009 - 11:11 PM
It's been fashionable as of late to predict the end of the dollar's hegemony as a reserve currency. And, to be sure, the U.S. performance in recent years does not recommend the dollar as a great store of value.
World politics is a relarive game, however, so while the dollar might have its problems, what are the alternatives? China might have its fiscal house in order, but the renminbi is not fully convertible. The yen is appreciating, but Japan's economy is too small (and its growth opportunities are not exactly robust).
The only viable alternative is the euro. But as Landon Thomas Jr. story in the New York Times suggests, that currency's odd political status is creating economic fissures within the Eurozone. The key paragraph:
For some of the countries on the periphery of the 16-member euro currency zone — Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain — this debt-fired dream of endless consumption has turned into the rudest of nightmares, raising the risk that a euro country may be forced to declare bankruptcy or abandon the currency.
As the story makes clear, the odds of this happening are still small. Because they are not trivial, however, uncertainty surrounding the euro will remain high. Which means that it is not going to displace the dollar anytime soon.
It would help if we could get the flibbertigibbits our of the financial and economic markets, and keep them out. And the same for those in journalism. Maybe if we sterilized those with a tendency to panic at the touch of a windblown feather.
One power catching up and/or replacing another is a gradual process, taking decades if not centuries. The US surpassed the UK as the largest economy in the 1850's, but did not become a dominate power until after WWII. Notice that the UK's falling off the power meter was not because its economy becoming smaller; it's because the other guy was growing much faster. So while the US will continue to grow (after the current recession) and its people will continue to enjoy big houses and iPods (and future gadgets), the Chinese national power as a whole will continue to expand at a faster pace, albeit with unpredictable twists and turns. China can only become a distinct superpower many years after the size of its economy surpasses that of the US. So the question of which currency will dominate in the future has to be viewed in this context. I don't think the Chinese is eager to have the RMB to be the international reserve currency right now. The Chinese are among the few in the world who has a true sense of history.
I couldn't agree with you more. American hegemony will outlive me, and could outlive my children. After all, if the pax romana lasted 1000 years, I'm sure we can make at least 200. I linked to this post at http://www.thehegemonist.com/2009/01/return-to-fiscal-hegemony.html
Daniel W. Drezner is professor of international politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.
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