Tuesday, April 28, 2009 - 6:17 PM

As a film buff, I was keen to see Steve Walt's top ten list of "movies that tells us something about international relations more broadly."
Someone once said that the only proper way to critique a film is by making another film. Following that logic, I think the only way to critique Steve's list is to make my own.
Using Steve's criteria, the overlap between our top ten list is pretty small: Dr. Strangelove and Casablanca. It's not that I hate the other films -- I just think there are better, more entertaining movies out there that highlight some interesting aspects of world politics. Here are eight other films I think are essential watching for international relations junkies:
8. Burnt By the Sun (1994)
The tension in Nikita Mikhailkov's film comes from the juxtaposition of the terror that comes from living in a totalitarian society and the beauty on screen that comes from a family vacation in the Russian countryside.
7. Seven Days in May (1964)
This Rod Serling-scripted, John Frankenheimer-directed movie is the film to watch when musing about civil-military relations, particularly in the United States.
6. Y Tu Mamá También (2001)
Buried within this romp about two Mexican teenagers going on a road trip with a very attractive woman is a lot of subtext about the ways in which globalization has affected Mexico. I'm not sure I agree with all of it, but director Alfonso Cuarón is quite deft in making his points without banging you on the head repeatedly to do it.
5. Conspiracy (2001)
Hannah Arendt wrote about the "banality of evil." This movie -- a real-time recreation of the 1942 Wansee Conference -- is the best evocation of Arendt's theme. Plus, any movie where Colin Firth plays a Nazi is guaranteed to shock.
4. The Americanization of Emily (1964)
An absurdist tale about bureaucratic politics and public relations during wartime. James Garner was the perfect actor to play the protagonist. Possibly the only movie ever made to extol cowardice as a virtue.
3. The Day After (1983)
An ABC television movie that sparked a great deal of controversy when it aired during one of the peaks of Cold War tensions. It's far from a perfect film -- I mean, c'mon, Steve Guttenberg is in it -- but I actually prefer it to Dr. Strangelove on one important dimension. It does a much better job than Kubrick's film at evoking the latent dread that people felt during the Cold War about the possibility of global thermonuclear war. I'm glad this dread has largely disappeared from global consciousness, but there's a part of me that wants younger generations to see this movie periodically just to remember what it feels like.
2. Children of Men (2007)
No top ten list about IR films is complete without a good dystopia flick. The premise (global infertility) is a bit of a stretch, but if you accept that, the rest of the movie seems like an effortless, logical extension of how civilization would respond to such a pandemic. Also directed by Alfonso Cuarón, incidentally. The action sequences are jaw-dropping.
1. The Lion in Winter (1967)
How do you make a movie about the strengths and limits of rational choice in international politics? It helps if you have Peter O'Toole, Katherine Hepburn, Anthony Hopkins, and Timothy Dalton, and biting dialogue.
OK, readers, which flicks did I miss?
classicmoviegals/Flickr
I do love Children of Men and thinks it belongs on the list, although I never quite got how infertility would lead to vehement anti-immigrant sentiment. Obviously Japan shows that need alone doesn't lead to acceptance of immigrants, but I don't think that demographic decline has led to a hardening of attitudes towards immigration.
Hmm.. Perhaps Lawrence of Arabia for imperial politics [and sheer beauty]. I saw it in 70mm at the American Film Institute in Silver Spring, MD. They reshow it occasionally and I highly recommend the full theater experience.
[Edit: Also, the remake of the Quiet American with its clash between a cynical British journalist and a smart but not particularly wise American agent. I think it can work well as a realist critique of liberal hawkery gone awry. I haven't read the original book, but I think the film stands on its own.]
I'll have to check out the ones on this list that I haven't seen. I greatly enjoyed all the ones that I have.
I'll put it on my "to see" list
Don't Forget the 50s Quiet American In Your Queue
The Quiet American comes in two versions -- the Michael Caine one (very good), and one from the 50s with Audie Murphy in the Brendan Frasier part (which, if you think of it, is brilliant casting). The 50s version turns the older reporter into a villain, and Audie into a good guy -- changes which understandably upset Graham Greene. But the 50s version is quite good on its own terms. Watching both together is almost an education on how the same set of facts (and the same blinkered foreign policy) can be viewed from entirely different points of view.
I do love Children of Men and thinks it belongs on the list, although I never quite got how infertility would lead to vehement anti-immigrant sentiment.
Basically, what happened was that in the years after the entire world became infertile (the movie never explains whether this is on the male end or female end, although in the book it was because sperm count dropped to nothing worldwide), the chaos ensuing from the event caused most of the governments on the continents to effectively disintegrate under wave after wave of desperate, hungry refugees.
Great Britain avoided this, to some extent, due to it being an island nation - although in the process, the government more or less went fascist in the process. The refugees that do make it to Great Britain are treated like animals.
I like "The Quiet American" and "The Last of the Mohicans", though they might have too much war and not enough relating to fit the criteria. But then, Daniel Day-Lewis and Michael Caine provide quality acting. On second thought, there's some parallels between them--big colonial powers versus peoples who want their freedom.
This Rod Serling-scripted, John Frankenheimer-directed movie is the film to watch when musing about civil-military relations, particularly in the United States.
It's a good movie, to be sure. It deserves a re-make, although I don't know how they'd do it without simply setting it back in the 1960s.
Buried within this romp about two Mexican teenagers going on a road trip with a very attractive woman is a lot of subtext about the ways in which globalization has affected Mexico. I'm not sure I agree with all of it, but director Alfonso Cuarón is quite deft in making his points without banging you on the head repeatedly to do it.
So I've heard. I've got to say, though, that the sex scenes (aka epitome of young teenage boy sexual fantasy) were pretty distracting on that point.
No top ten list about IR films is complete without a good dystopia flick. The premise (global infertility) is a bit of a stretch, but if you accept that, the rest of the movie seems like an effortless, logical extension of how civilization would respond to such a pandemic. Also directed by Alfonso Cuarón, incidentally. The action sequences are jaw-dropping.
I'll say. Aside from the scenery, remember the part with the car battery in the ghetto? The entire audience went "Ohh!" when that happened.
IR Films: What to Watch in 2009/2010
Here are some new additions that you should catch on the big screen:
Sleep Dealer is a small budget sci-fi film that tackles globalization, immigration, technology, war and identity. It should be screened in most major cities.
Cormac McCarthy's The Road is scheduled to come out this upcoming fall. If it remains true to the novel, it should be a pretty good representation of the Hobbesian state of nature.
Max Brooks' World War Z is a surprisingly insightful novel about present day geopolitics. Yes the Z stands for zombies, but the real story is about how nations react to a mass epidemic. The chapters on Israel and Iran/Pakistan should look great on film. Also, Marc Forster (Monster's Ball, The Kite Runner & Quantum of Solace) is attached to direct. Not too shabby.
I also have seen Sleep Dealer and loved it, highly recommend it to anyone who has access to a major city that might screen the film. As you say, a very interesting take on immigration and globalization, mixed in with some good old fashioned dystopian sci-fi and a few spicy scenes to keep things interesting. I know it was playing recently in Los Angeles and New York, hopefully for wider release soon enough.
After years of experience with American armies mucking around in countries where most people speak no English and most Americans cannot communicate in the local language, I'm surprised no one has thought to mention Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid.
It's not relevant at all until Newman, Redford and Ross arrive in Bolivia and proceed to prosper until they decide to stop robbing banks and go straight, after which corpses start piling up. Fluency in Spanish was a minor handicap as long as they only wanted to take things that didn't belong to them.
It makes me think that if we really had invaded Iraq just to steal the oil and loot Saddam's palaces, we might have been OK.
Add "Lions for Lambs" for much of the dialogue.
You're joking, right? That movie was, by and large, repulsive and slow. Part of that is my fault - I went in, based on the previews, hoping for a second Syriana - but I still think it was a terrible movie.
Taken as a whole, you may be right. The film does not hold together well. But much of the dialogue is right on target and raises many significant issues. I am particularly partial to one scene which I blogged about elsewhere (see “Engaging the World” here including a youtube of the relevant movie scene.)
Burnt by the Sun is a great call. It accomplishes a similar goal as the book Darkness at Noon, but in a way that only a movie could. I think the first time I saw it, I saw it without subtitles (and about all I can do with Russian is curse someone out, then say thanks) and I was still moved by it.
While we're on the topic of Russian films, Alexander Nevsky is a great film. It's a bit heavy-handed at times, and clearly had some anti-German propaganda elements, but it's still a fantastic film. It's worth it to watch for the Prokofiev score, if nothing else. Ignore the cheesy 1938 props and such, and let Eisenstein's genius shine through.
Modernization theory is not necessarily an international relations theory, but seems to be used as a basis and starting point for other streams of thought in the field. I have often thought "The Last Samurai" has elements that made a good contrast for the arguments against modernization theory.
I'd recommend Twilight Samurai over Last Samurai
Last Samurai didn't really do it for because a warrior caste, and a traditionally privileged one, doesn't really match up morally with a non-agricultural indigenous ethnic group. I don't think the film really realized that.
Twilight Samurai isn't really about international relations, but I think it does a good job of sympathetically depicting the fall of a group made obsolete by modernization. The main character has worn smelly robes and spends more time on bureaucratic matters than fighting. He also has a really cute young daughter that keeps things from getting too depressing.
did not explain myself well....
Actually, I was not saying it supported modernization theory. Rather, I saw I saw it as supportive of post-modernism. I rather thought it portrayed a mechanism by which certain classes refuse to give up their identities to modernized or western ideals. That does not mean that they are not transformed, just that they are not truly a single culture. And, it demonstrates as some cyclical theories of cultural change would argue, that several forms of one culture exist simultaneously.
You have a very valid point about the privilege nature of the class in this movie. I guess as this is not my region of knowledge, my assumptions may be off. But, does not may calls of identity form in the privilege yet respected structures of society?
Moving from the social context of the Far East, I would suggest that Imam's have a privileged class in Islamic societies, and it seems that it is certain clerics that have chosen not accept the reopening of ijtihad. That would be Islamic nation's precursor to Modernization, unless they entirely secularize. While maintaining Establishment Islam, or even a more Fundamentalist Islam, may be accepted in the agrarian indigenous ethnic groups, I am still uncertain that the call to unique identity originates there. So, I am unsure of how important the initial rejection originating in the higher status social class truly is.
I will see if I can access the "Twilight of the Samurai". It sounds interesting. Thank you.
My critique of the film was more my already established view of it, so I think in someways I may have unfairly neglected the details of your discussion.
Aside from the historical inaccuracies, see the comment below on use of guns and the origins in a fight over payments, my objection to the film isn't in its accurate portrayal of how some existing elites will be disrupted and fight to maintain the present social order. You're right on the money there. I was more bothered that the film's sympathy on the whole seem to lie with those elites, see the a-historical final ending where their efforts are judged. Particularly odd is the films ultimate reconciliation with military leaders who get their men massacred. I think many of the better Samurai films out there manage to avoid falling in love with their subjects, I'm a big Kurosawa fan for one, I just didn't throw in a recommendation for his work because he's already quite widely known.
Hope you find and enjoy Twilight Samurai. It is Japanese and I'm afraid I don't remember if I saw it with a dub or subtitles, so I can't speak to the quality of the dub. Hope you enjoy it!
Also, the Foreign Policy blogs could really use an email replies to me option, or at least an easier to find one if such an option already exists. The tracking page on my account helps, but it doesn't announce if anyone has specifically replied to you.
Last Samurai didn't really do it for because a warrior caste, and a traditionally privileged one, doesn't really match up morally with a non-agricultural indigenous ethnic group. I don't think the film really realized that.
Last Samurai didn't really do it for me because I knew a little bit of the history behind the revolts in question (they centered around the cut-off in pensions to samurai, among other things), and because, contrary to the movie, said revolting group used guns all the time.
Mexico More Herod more than Mama
Disappointed by selection of the overrated/overwrought “Y tu mama tambien”. It tries so hard to tell us about Mexico that all it tells me is that some pretentious a-hole wants me to know what he thinks l should know about Mexico. My fave Mex flick and one that actually said something about the country is “La ley Herodes” (Herod’s Law). Funny, cynical and basically the story of Mexican politics for the post-Revolutionary period till the time of Fox (or we would like to believe). Important to note that it was released the year before the PRI finally lost a presidential election.
Drezner makes a film list, but doesn't include a Salma Hayek film?? There's got to be a foreign policy angle to "54", dontcha think? This move to the Foreign Policy website has taken all the fun out of his blog.
Other films? Hmmmm. How about some quintessential Cold War films, like Rocky IV or WarGames? Braveheart's got to involve some pretty important lessons for foreign policy, no?
The Princess Bride. Never get involved in a land war in Asia!
How could I forget Rocky IV? What could possibly be more relevant than "I guess what I'm trying to say is, if I can change, and you can change, everybody can change!"
Although I am not listing a movie, many episodes of The Twilight Zone could fit into either IR theory or general political theory. One episode in particular, "The Monsters are Due on Maple Street" shows the story of one suburban block, and how neighbors turn on each other when the power goes out. Once people lose their creature comforts and sense of order, they turned on each other with a surprising level of hostility and violence. It could apply to Baghdad in 2003.
"The Mouse that Roared". - Satire, yes, but true in the sense that we were desperate to buy friendships during the Cold War.
Arthur Mitchell
Excellent and moving film about the end of the Cold War and the reunification of Germany. Not just a great story about international politics, but one of the best movies I've seen in a while. IMDB link.
Here's a pair to put on the list:
Barcelona for its take on anti-Americanism in Euope.
The Wind and the Lion, although you have to get over Sean Connery playing a Muslim with a Scottish brogue.
Love the inclusion of "The Americanization of Emily" and Conspiracy." Also recommend an undeservedly obscure Marlon Brando flick, "Burn." About colonialism.
Daniel W. Drezner is professor of international politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.
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