Wednesday, June 23, 2010 - 2:05 PM

Hmmm.... which magazine should I peruse online this AM.... maybe TNR? The National Interest? Nah, I'm not in the mood for deep thinking. I'll just look at Rolling Stone, that won't take much intellectual heavy lifting.... oh, look, a profile of General McChrystal.... hmmm.... um.... holy cats.
Since everyone and their mother has their take on this Mongolian clusterf**k imbroglio already, I'm not going to bother linking to the rest of the blogosphere. Instead, just a few measured and a few off the cuff reactions:
1. Doris Kearns Goodwin makes the case in today's New York Times that Obama doesn't have to fire McChrystal, pointing out that Union General George McClellan was far ruder to Lincoln, and yet was not fired. This is historically true, but I'm not sure it's really the best example. To put it gently, McClellan was a lousy, timid general -- by letting him stay on, Lincoln accomplished little but to prolong the war.
2. I find myself in agreement with Tom Donnelly and William Kristol:
McChrystal should not be the only one to go. Ambassador Karl Eikenberry and “AfPak” czar Richard Holbrooke should likewise either submit their resignations or be fired by President Obama. Vice President Biden and his surrogates should be told to sit down and be quiet, to stop fighting policy battles in the press. The administration's "team of rivals" approach is producing only rivalry.
They're right (see also David Ignatius). McChrystal did himself no favors in the RS article, but he's hardly the only Afghan policy heavyweight to be tarnished by the essay. Eikenberry poisoned the well with his press leaks last year, and Holbrooke is, well, Holbrooke. A clean sweep might be the best move Obama could make.
3) Speaking of neoconservatives, it's worth noting that, contra Josh Rogin's take, GOP policy wonks are reacting the way you would expect a loyal opposition to react. That is to say, sure, they're making hay of the problems with the Afghan strategy, but they're also quite firm in saying that Obama should dire McChrystal. See Kristol, Eliot Cohen, John McCain, Joe Lieberman, and Lindsey Graham.
This should not be terribly surprising. Neoconservatives have been pretty clear all along about civilian control of the military, and McChrystal's gaffes cut right to the heart of this issue.
4) One final point: beyond the descriptions of McChrystal and his aides acting like jackasses in Paris, the RS article was of little use. It presented a slanted portrait of COIN and it's advocates, and seemed determined to paint McChrystal in the worst light possible. As Blake Hounshell observed, it failed to note that at this stage it's impossible to evaluate the COIN strategy, because these approaches tend to have "darkest before the dawn" qualities.
What do you think?
Alex Wong/Getty Images
Patience, this is a minor flap
I disagree about the need to fire McChrystal. Obama's message to the general should be along the lines of a) say what you want to your entourage and even to reporters, but be honest with me about what you think and how you believe things are going; and 2) opening up to Rolling Stone? Are you nuts?
That said, the article isn't all bad, the further into it you get. It does seem that McChrystal is pursuing his COIN strategy at some cost to his reputation with the troops, particularly with regard to collateral damage. And most of the money quotes were from his butt boys, clearly testosterone-fueled and undoubtedly having little regard for any of us who haven't walked in their shoes.
Poor General McChrystal! With his bosses General David Petraeus and Admiral Mike Mullen as well as Defense secretary Gates justifying Pakistan’s ‘terrorist connections’, Mullah Mohammed Omar’s QST trail from Quetta to Kandahar is operating unimpeded.
McChrystal himself had warned about Pakistan ’s sheltering of Taliban terrorists in his August 2009 report to Obama: ‘Quetta Shura Taliban (QST) based in Quetta , the provincial capital of Baluchistan, is the No. 1 threat to US/NATO mission in Afghanistan . At the operational level, the Quetta Shura conducts a formal campaign review each winter, after which Mullah Mohammed Omar (Afghan Taliban Chief) announces his guidance and intent for the coming year‘.
But US can not even use its drones to destroy QST that is causing daily deaths of US/NATO soldiers in Afghanistan since 2002! That shows Obama’s continuance of Bush’s mollycoddling of Pakistan .
Defense Secretary Robert Gates sought to justify Pakistan ’s terrorist connections, alluding to a “deficit of trust” between Washington , DC and Islamabad . Mr Gates also said there was “some justification” for Pakistan 's concerns about past American policies. Gen David Patraeus, rushed in with an apologia for his Pakistani friends, by claiming that while Faisal was inspired by militants in Pakistan , he did not necessarily have contacts with the militants. Both Adm Mike Mullen and Gen Patraeus fancy themselves to be “soldier statesmen” a la Gen Dwight Eisenhower. Adm Mullen has visited Pakistan 15 times and Gen Patraeus no less frequently. Both evidently have high opinions of their abilities to persuade Gen Ashfaq Parvez Kayani to crack down on the Haqqani network in North Waziristan and the Taliban’s Mullah Omar-led Quetta Shura.
All American officers in southern Afghanistan know that they cannot prevail in the ongoing military operations, unless Taliban strongholds across the Durand Line in North Waziristan and Baluchistan are neutralized. Adm Mullen and Gen Patraeus evidently do not want to acknowledge that hard options have to be considered if their soldiers are not to die at the hands of radicals, armed and trained across the Durand Line.
With US tolerating and mollycoddling Pakistani support of terrorist outfits across the Afghan border, US mission is doomed to fail no matter how much money and manpower US pours in that terror center of the world which resides in Pakistan.
I really liked McChrystal, his stamina as well as his dedication to fix a difficult place such as Afghanistan. At the same time, the recently published comments made by McChrystal and his aids have disappointed.
The reality is that the war in Afghanistan is not heading in the right direction anyway, and with all the best intentions, most sophisticated COIN approaches and efforts of McChrystal and his team, we currently are funding both sides of the war and what we build with one hand, we undermine with the other (see the articles in NYT and Washington Post about the payments made to Afghan led security firms for protection of NATO convoys, payments which end up going both to Afghan officials and taliban to restrict their attacks on the respective convoys).
Under these circumstances, Obama's decision to relieve McChrystal is the right one. Especially, in a context of rising attitudes among some in the US military along the lines that they know it all, have seen it all, while the civilian leadership "knows shit about war."
Most civilians do respect the efforts of our military men and women deployed into war zones. At the same time, civilian-military relations are based on a social contract. As we, civilians, pay our dues in order to assure that our nation is secure, we also expect that those at the receiving end, perform their duties at their best.
Moreover, in order to respect and honor these men and women who put their lives at risk for our national security, we also expect them to respect the chain of command and act according to certain values. This latter part makes the difference between a "national army" and a "mercenary corps."
Honorable behavior on the part of our soldiers will be respected and appreciated. Inflated perspectives regarding one's own self-importance should be dealt with appropriately and not be left unpunished.
And on top of this, the sad part is that those McChrystal aids are nowhere close to having the brilliance and achievements of someone like Holbrooke. The man is indeed a "feathers ruffler;" but at least he has a more sound basis for his arrogance than many on McChrystal's - or Petraeus's - staff.
Good luck to the latter! He will need it!
on a half serious, half snarky note
"the Afghan president, Hamid Karzai, who had urged American leaders to let General McChrystal remain in place." (NYT quote) - so that they can bitch together about Obama and US leadership?!
"“We are not opposing his successor, but we would prefer that General McChrystal come back,” Ahmed Wali Karzai, the influential half brother of Mr. Karzai, said earlier Wednesday" - Come on! was McChrystal involved into any sort of scheme with the Karzai brothers?! (my conspiracy theory for the day)
or (after second thoughts, my second conspiracy theory for the day) is this a set-up to get Petraeus elegantly out of circuit so that he does not pose a challenge as a Presidential runner in 2012 (or for other unknown reasons it was better to have him "exiled")? How does this correlate with the reception Karzai has recently received in DC? Was he put en-garde regarding the transition of military leadership in Afghanistan?
Petraeus might want to watch his back while in Afghanistan as it has been the graveyard of many generals (and great powers, nonetheless) and it would be a pity as he seems a good man.
We hope that conspiracy theories are nothing more than that, that Stan has enough integrity to only bitch with his own men about Obama & Co, and that Petraeus will actually be given a fair chance and be able to turn Afghanistan from a graveyard of empires to a success. The first one of this kind. Good luck, Dave!
Also known as, getting rid of all the people known to oppose the policy preferences of Kristol and Donnelly. Yeah, why wouldn't President Obama want to go that way?
We probably need a new Ambassador in Kabul. I never understood Eikenberry's appointment anyway. The new man should have a brief of much greater authority over development assistance and greater integration into the ISAF operations process than Eikenberry has now. As for Holbrooke, leave him where he is. Personally I would have preferred for him to have been made Secretary of State, an office now occupied by someone who has piled up frequent flier miles at an impressive rate but is otherwise just another player among many in the Obama foreign policy circus.
Obama does have a "too many cooks in the kitchen" problem on his foreign policy team (and in other areas as well -- just look at the Gulf oil spill clean-up effort). The root of this problem is Obama's determination to be at the center of all key decisions, instead of at the top of a hierarchy. He needs to delegate authority, not just responsibility, and he's very reluctant to do this.
This is why he ends up with lots of people arguing with one another about who has authority to do what. He would have this problem no matter who the people working for him were. Ironically, the one area in which Obama does not have this problem -- defense -- proves the point. Gen. McChrystal was able to take almost complete control over Afghan policy because his authority was clear and backed up by a chain of command on which Obama only imposed himself with great reluctance and after considerable provocation.
Kristol and Donnelly argue in their superficial way that this is a question of will and decisiveness. It isn't. It's a matter or organization, and of recognizing that the flat, candidate-centered organization structure that worked so well for the Obama candidacy isn't appropriate for the vastly larger and more complex tasks confronting the Obama administration.
How Invested is Obama in Foreign Policy?
I would agree Obama has too many cooks in the kitchen but I'm not sure he's at the center of all decisions in foreign policy. His own policy of surge with a timetable seems to split the difference between his cooks, and came only after McChrystal forced his hand on a strategy review with the London speech. Remember McChrystal said he talked with the President then only once. Say what you want about Bush's handling of Iraq, but he was invested in it. When things got particularly dark in Iraq is when Bush took more control of the policy by meeting with the JCS to discuss the surge strategy with them. I'm sorta struck Obama said the Afghan strategy won't change when he appointed Petraus--we delayed the Kandahar offensive, the Taliban is not negotiating, his own SecDef keeps repeating the timetable is not a timetable (tell that to the Taliban) and he thinks there's no need for adjustment? It's a strange version of stay the course--up to 2011.
Obama is much more focused on transforming America via domestic policy, and has left lot of foreign policy to his staff precisely because he thinks he has plenty of "brights" to run it. There was a Politico article that noted when Condi Rice was SecState and said something publicly, you knew she was speaking for the President. They couldn't say the same about HRC. When leaders do not express firm guidance or conviction is when you have even more bureaucratic squabbling and policy drift. That's why we hear things like the NSC staff finally admitted to itself that yes, we are doing COIN in Afghanistan after the first McChrystal hub-bub--HUH? I mean really--you guys did not know that was our strategy in Afghanistan?
Richard Cohen had a good oped in the WaPo yesterday on Obama. Just what are his principles in foreign policy? If we do need to stay in Afghanistan, what's the principle behind it? We can't just approach war as if we're solving problems. There's little conviction or moral imperative behind the decisions then--and our adversaries detect that.
It's very true that President Obama is far more interested in domestic than in foreign policy and national security affairs. He is typical of Democrats in this: the organized interests that dominate that party have primarily domestic agendas, so under most circumstances expertise in foreign or defense policy brings no political benefit with it.
This doesn't stop Obama from wanting to be at the center of the decision-making process, one reason that process sometimes takes as long as it does. More important than the length of time taken to make decisions, though, are the decisions that can't get made, or implemented, if they are not seen to come from Obama directly. As I noted earlier, this is a huge problem with the Gulf clean-up effort. It's why the National Security Strategy document was so innocuous and disposable: no real strategy could be forthcoming from this administration unless Obama wrote it personally, something he's neither inclined or able to do. And it will be a chronic problem every time the administration is confronted by an urgent, complex problem while it is trying to grapple with something else.
With respect to how he has organized his administration, Obama has served his own cause poorly. With that said, two other things must be said as well. The first is that Obama takes his responsibilities seriously; he is intelligent and thoughtful, and often very clever about people. He likes to make decisions for reasons; if the reasons are unpersuasive to him, the decisions can take a while to get made, but that's a lot better than making decisions to seem decisive and cooking up the reasons for them later.
The second thing that needs to be reiterated is why it matters so much when Obama's administration struggles, whether because Obama refuses to delegate authority or for some other reason. It's because Obama succeeded a President who left the government and the country very much worse than he found it. Two inconclusive wars, an economy in ruins, a Justice Department in disrepute, an Interior Department for sale, a whole roster of government agencies paralyzed by lack of direction, major issues of vital national concern -- immigration, energy, health care, entitlement reform -- left to fester for years with nothing done. And let's not forget that great smoking crater in lower Manhattan.
There are people who are proud of the Bush administration's record, and admire the way it was compiled. Anything, for them, would be better than the liberals. But the reason it matters more when Obama struggles is that he has more things to struggle with. He succeeded a President professionally incompetent and personally unworthy, the consequences of which may be found in the number of massive problems Obama's administration is struggling with right now.
Ya, some 'storm in a tea cup' as far as some General goes....
Can we talk now about the AfPak Policy itself? How would you reply Andrew Sullivan's general pessimism in this regard? Or Tom Friedman's 3 questions?
I just wish you would write some deep posts about this policy business. If folks like Sullivan and Friedman indeed turn out to be true, we are all screwed up here.
The opinion from this field grade officer:
I've been plenty critical of Obama's foreign policy but nevertheless, McChrystal had to go--he undermined the oath we take to defend the Constitution which at its core, has civilian leadership as its head. Backbiting and complaints about superiors is normal behavior in wartime BUT--it remains behind closed doors and is not allowed to reach critical mass. When you start dissing the national command authority, that breaks a major and well-known taboo. McChrystal allowed an unseemly command climate with his aides, who felt free to speak so brazenly to a reporter.
Concur though on the need for a clean sweep on civilian side of the house--the political strategy in Afghanistan is also problematic.
The rules are clear, the policies are not.
General McChrystal was right, and wrong. As a soldier who has been deployed to fight the Global War on Terror (GWOT), I can fully understand and sympathize with his feelings. Fighting a war with your hands tied behind your back is a fantastic way to lose a war. In many ways what McChrystal said is the exact thing the troops have been feeling for a while. If he were to run for president, he would receive hundreds of thousands of votes from military personnel.
However, Article 88 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is very clear.
"Any commissioned officer who uses contemptuous words against the President, the Vice President, Congress, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of a military department, the Secretary of Transportation, or the Governor or legislature of any State, Territory, Commonwealth, or possession in which he is on duty or present shall be punished as a court-martial may direct." -http://usmilitary.about.com/library/milinfo/ucmj/blart-88.htm.
That being said, General McChrystal is a man who stood up and shared his feelings about this administrations inability to make good military policy. Yet he is still a soldier who has to follow the rules and regulations as stated in the UCMJ. In my humble opinion, General McChystal was correct in what he said, but dead wrong to say it.
Daniel W. Drezner is professor of international politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.
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